眼动追踪与中文阅读图书
The Eye Tracking Paradigm and Chinese Reading
[内容简介] 阅读是人类最重要的认知功能之一,研究阅读的一条重要途径是眼动追踪法。本书作者师从世界著名的眼动研究专家Keith Rayner教授,在国际一流的眼动实验室学习,有多年的眼动阅读研究经验。本书中,作者把握当前国际眼动阅读的现状,结合中文有别于拼音文字的特点,设计实验,以揭示中文阅读独特的认知加工机制。本书是作者多年眼动阅读研究成果的总结,对读者了解当前眼动阅读研究的背景和将来发展的方向都有很大的启发作用。
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文前辅文
文前辅文
第一部分 背景介绍
第一章 眼动追踪的研究范式及其在阅读研究中的应用
第一节 眼动的基本模式和分析的指标
一 时间指标
(一)首次注视时间(first fixation duration)
(二)单次注视时间(single fixation duration)
(三)凝视时间(gaze duration)
(四)多个注视点中的首次注视时间(first of multiple fixations)
(五)回视路径时间(go-past time或是regression-path duration)
(六)第二遍阅读时间(second pass reading time)
(七)总阅读时间(total reading time)
二 空间指标
(一)跳视率(skipping rate)
(二)注视位置(landing position)
(三)眼跳距离(saccade length)
(四)注视次数(number of fixations)
(五)再注视比率(refixation rate)
(六)回视次数(regression count)
第二节 阅读中的眼动研究范式
一 移动窗口范式(the moving window paradigm)
二 移动掩蔽范式(the moving mask paradigm)
三 边界变化范式(the boundary display change paradigm)
四 快速启动范式(the fast-priming paradigm)
五 消失文本范式(the disappearing text paradigm)
第二章 国际上眼动阅读研究的成果和模型
第一节 影响眼动的语言因素
一 词汇识别
(一)词频和词长效应
(二)熟悉度
(三)词语习得年龄和具体性
(四)多义词
(五)语素复杂性(morphological complexity)
(六)预测性(predictability)
二 语义整合
第二节 副中央凹加工
一 副中央凹预视效应的性质
(一)字形信息
(二)词长信息
(三)语音信息
(四)词素信息
(五)语义信息
(六)中央凹负荷对副中央凹加工的影响
(七)预视加工的范围
二 副中央凹信息对中央凹加工的影响(副中央凹-中央凹效应,pof)
(一)亚词汇水平的pof效应
(二)词汇水平的pof效应
第三节 眼动阅读的模型
一 眼球运动控制模型
(一)战略战术模型(Strategy-Tactics Model)
(二)词语定位模型(Word-Targeting)
二 认知控制模型(Cognitive-Control Models)
(一)SWIFT模型(Saccade-generation With Inhibition by Foveal Targets)
(二)Glenmore模型
(三)E-Z Reader模型
(四)EMMA模型(Eye Movements and Movements of Attention)
第三章 中文眼动研究的现状和问题的提出
第一节 中文的特征及其眼动研究的成果
一 中文的特征
二 中文眼动的基本特点
三 中文词汇识别
(一)词频和字频效应
(二)笔画数
(三)笔画位置
(四)预测性
(五)词邻居数量
(六)语素语义激活效应
(七)词汇识别与词汇切分
四 中文副中央凹加工
(一)语音和字形信息
(二)语素信息
(三)语义信息
(四)词界统计信息
第二节 研究问题和设计
一 研究问题的提出
二 研究设计
(一)研究内容
(二)研究方法
(三)报告的眼动指标
第二部分 实证研究
第四章 研究一 中文句子阅读中语义信息整合的时程
第一节 实验1:单字词语义整合的时程
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)反映早期加工的指标
1.以字为单位的分析
2.以区域为单位的分析
(二)反映后期加工的指标
1.以字为单位的分析
2.以区域为单位的分析
三 实验1讨论
第二节 实验2:双字词语义整合的时程
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)反映早期加工的指标
(二)反映后期加工的指标
三 实验2讨论
第三节 讨论
第五章 研究二 中文阅读中副中央凹加工的范围
第一节 实验1:单字目标词
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
三 实验1讨论
第二节 实验2:双字目标词
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)双字区域分析
(二)单字区域分析
三 实验2讨论
第三节 实验3:低频n-1对双字目标词预视加工的影响
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
三 实验3讨论
第四节 讨论
第六章 研究三 中文阅读中副中央凹的语义加工
第一节 实验1:经典的语义预视研究范式
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)以字为单位的分析
(二)以区域为单位的分析
三 实验1讨论
第二节 实验2:合理性对语义预视效应的影响
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)以字为单位的分析
(二)以区域为单位的分析
(三)补充分析
三 实验2讨论
第三节 实验3:语素语义频率对语义预视效应的影响
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)总体数据分析
(二)分类计算
三 实验3讨论
第四节 讨论
第七章 研究四 中文阅读中副中央凹的合理性加工
第一节 实验1:转置词不同信息的预视加工
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)目标前区的眼动指标
(二)目标词区域的眼动指标
三 实验1讨论
第二节 实验2:语义变化vs合理性变化的效应
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)目标前区的眼动指标
(二)目标词区域的眼动指标
三 实验2的讨论
第三节 实验3:合理性预视效应的本质
一 研究方法
(一)研究设计
(二)被试
(三)实验材料
(四)评定实验
(五)实验步骤
二 结果与分析
(一)目标词上反映早期加工的眼动指标
(二)目标词上反映后期加工的眼动指标
(三)目标前区和后区的眼动指标
(四)补充分析
三 实验3讨论
第四节 讨论
第三部分 研究总讨论和未来发展的方向
第八章 研究总讨论:中文阅读的加工机制
第一节 研究主要发现总结
第二节 中文语义整合与词汇切分
第三节 预视信息获得的范围和注意资源的分配
第四节 语义和合理性的预视加工
第五节 结论
第九章 研究展望
第一节 有待解决的问题
第二节 词汇切分
第三节 研究的多样化
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