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中国经济转型30年(1978-2008)图书

Transforming the Chinese economy:1978-2008

SSAPID:101-7662-3238-39
ISBN:978-7-5097-0807-1
DOI:
ISSN:

[内容简介] 本书作者各自选取了一些重要角度,尝试展现改革开放和经济社会发展的成功,提炼和分析相关经验和教训,识别和提出新的改革方向,并阐述中国经验对其他国家的借鉴意义,乃至中国经济成功经验对于经济学理论可能作出的贡献。

相关信息

丛书名:改革开放研究丛书
作 者: 蔡昉
编 辑:童根兴;胡涛;李响;谢蕊芬
出版社:社会科学文献出版社
出版时间: 2009年05月
语 种:中文
中图分类:F1 世界各国经济概况、经济史、经济地理

 作者简介

 绪论

  一 中国经济的改革、开放和发展

  二 中国改革、开放和发展的经济学

  三 本书的内容和结构简述

 第一章 中国农村改革政策的形成

  一 农村基本经营制度的形成和土地政策的完善

   (一)建立以家庭承包经营为基础的农村基本经营制度

   (二)实行最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度

   (三)改革完善征地制度

  二 农产品流通体制改革的不断深化

  三 城乡统筹就业制度的逐步形成

  四 推进农村税费改革取得历史性突破

  五 农村金融体制在曲折中演变

   (一)第一阶段(1979~1993年)

   (二)第二阶段(1994~1996年)

   (三)第三阶段(1997~2005年)

   (四)第四阶段(2006年至今)

  六 农业补贴制度初步建立

   (一)“四项补贴”

   (二)针对养殖业的补贴

   (三)对科技进步和提高农民素质进行补贴

   (四)农业救助补贴

   (五)农业生产大县奖励政策

  七 农业科技体制改革取得重要进展

   (一)恢复发展期(1978~1984年)

   (二)全面发展期(1985~1998年)

   (三)调整探索期(1999~2005年)

   (四)创新发展期(2006年以来)

  八 农村社会事业加快发展

   (一)农村教育

    1.完善农村义务教育经费保障机制,实现真正意义上的义务教育

    2.加快发展农村职业技术教育,培养高素质劳动者和实用人才

    3.稳定发展普通高中教育,提高农村人口受教育水平

   (二)农村医疗卫生事业

   (三)繁荣发展农村文化事业

   (四)健全农村社会保障体系

   (五)推进农村扶贫开发

  九 农民合作经济组织的发展走上健康轨道

  十 乡村治理机制发生重大变化

   (一)第一阶段(1983~2005年)

   (二)第二阶段(2006年以来)

 第二章 中国工业经济的改革、开放和发展

  一 中国工业经济的改革

   (一)国有企业改革的进程

    1.以放权让利为特征的扩大企业自主权的改革阶段

     (1)扩权让利试点

     (2)实行经济责任制

     (3)实施利改税改革

    2.以两权分离为特征的转换经营机制的改革阶段

     (1)企业承包经营责任制

     (2)租赁制

     (3)股份制试点

    3.以建立现代企业制度和实施战略性改组为特征的改革阶段

     (1)建立现代企业制度

     (2)国有企业战略性改组

   (二)非国有企业的发展

    1.民营企业的发展

     (1)民营企业的萌芽发展阶段

     (2)民营企业的初步发展阶段

     (3)民营企业的快速发展阶段

    2.外资企业的发展

   (三)工业所有制结构的变化

  二 中国工业经济的开放

   (一)中国工业利用外资的进程

    1.中国工业利用外资的探索推动阶段

    2.中国工业利用外资的快速发展阶段

    3.中国工业利用外资的创新发展阶段

   (二)中国工业国际化的历程

  三 中国工业经济的发展

   (一)中国工业保持了持续高速增长

   (二)中国工业结构调整和升级取得了显著成效

   (三)中国整体进入了工业化中期的后半阶段

   (四)中国工业的国家竞争力不断提升

   (五)中国工业管理体制的日趋完善

  四 小结

   (一)中国工业改革始终坚持了市场化的改革方向

   (二)中国工业改革、开放和发展是由国有企业与非国有企业共同推动的

   (三)中国工业改革是以搞活企业为中心环节

   (四)中国工业改革开放走了一条“先试点后推广”的渐进式道路

   (五)中国工业改革发展过程中充分发挥了地方政府的作用

   (六)中国始终把工业经济改革同工业化进程推进相结合

   (七)中国始终把工业改革和开放相结合

 第三章 劳动力市场发育与城乡就业的扩大

  一 引言

  二 农村劳动力的重新配置

  三 城市就业冲击与劳动力市场发育

  四 劳动力市场转型和发育的中国经验

   (一)着眼于就业扩大的劳动力市场转型

   (二)增量调整与存量调整两种改革方式并用

   (三)数量调整和价格(工资)调整两种改革方式并用

   (四)“自下而上”和“自上而下”两种改革方式并用

   (五)解除规制与制定规制的改革方式并用

  五 结论与展望:未完成的改革任务

   (一)户籍制度及其相关政策改革

   (二)劳动力市场制度建设

   (三)社会保障制度的建立与完善

 第四章 中国银行业改革的内在逻辑*

  一 改革起点:拨改贷与商业银行形成

  二 防范和化解金融风险

  三 国有商业银行股份制改革

  四 农村信用社改革

  五 银行业改革的理论思考

   (一)开放是改革的强大动力

   (二)关于分业经营和混业经营

   (三)30年银行改革的基本逻辑

 第五章 中国政府转型与公共财政*

  一 引言

  二 中国政府转型的三维分析框架

  三 政府发展战略转变:从经济建设到科学发展

   1.经济建设型政府战略(1978~1992年)

   2.向公共服务型政府转变(1992~2003年)

   3.建立公共服务型政府(2003~2020年)

  四 政府决策机制转型:从国家决策到公共决策

   1.决策机制转型的基本逻辑

   2.个人专断决策

   3.集体理性决策阶段

   4.公共政策决策阶段

  五 政府职能转型:从国家建设到公共服务

  六 财政体制转型:从国家财政到公共财政

   1.财政汲取模式转型:从自产国家到税收国家*

   2.财政支出模式转型:从建设型财政到民生型财政

   3.财政再分配模式转型:从利益返还到均等化

   4.混合模式:中国现阶段的财政体制

  七 结语

 第六章 中国与世界经济的融合*

  一 引言

  二 从前的中国为何封闭?——违背比较优势战略下的高额工业化成本

  三 中国的改革开放过程遵循着学习和创新的逻辑

   1.在制度转轨方面,在什么时间发生了什么样的事情?

    (1)微观管理机制的改革

    (2)宏观政策环境的改革

   2.外贸体制改革和出口升级领域,在什么时间发生了什么事情?

  四 中国在一体化进程中为何能实现高速增长?

   1.贸易一体化的衡量问题

   2.要素禀赋的升级

    (1)人力资本积累:学习必须出现在价格放开、存在比较优势的部门

    (2)物质资本的快速增加:市场驱动抑或政府驱动?

    (3)外国直接投资和技术的积累

   3.警示:物质资本的过度投资与人力及自然资本的投资不足?

   4.中国增长模式过度资本密集,并且不平衡

   5.中国的出口结构之谜:违背比较优势的战略还是比较优势战略?

  五 从中国的经验中汲取正反两方面的经验教训

   1.仅仅放开进口并不足以启动出口

   2.进口替代抑或出口促进

   3.发展中国家应避免长期性的价格扭曲

  六 结论

  附录

 第七章 超越东亚奇迹

  一 改革开放前的中国经济增长模式

  二 改革开放以来的增长模式变化

  三 出口导向战略与粗放增长模式的持续

  四 深化市场化改革,加快经济增长方式转变

 第八章 经济增长与收入分配*

  一 导言

  二 国内外“库兹涅茨假说”的经验研究最新进展

  三 中国经济增长与收入分配变化的基本态势

   1.经济增长与收入差距变化

   2.经济增长与收入差距的关系

  四 中国经济增长与收入差距相关性的进一步验证

  五 如何解释中国收入差距的变化?

   1.解释农村内部收入差距的变动

   2.解释城镇内部收入差距的变动

   3.解释城乡之间收入差距的变动

  六 相关政策建议

 第九章 妇女在农村经济发展中的作用

  一 引言

  二 数据来源及样本介绍

  三 农村劳动力市场的演变

   1.20世纪90年代末到21世纪初农村劳动力市场的扩张

   2.农村劳动力市场中不同群体就业的演变趋势

  四 农村劳动力市场演变中的社会性别

   1.妇女的非农就业

   2.妇女正在接管农业?

  五 妇女在农业中的贡献

   1.妇女对农业生产力的影响

   2.妇女对收入的影响

  六 结论和未来的挑战

   1.结论

   2.主要挑战

    (1)中年农村劳动力的女性化

    (2)畜牧部门与女性化

    (3)教育面临的挑战

 总序

改革开放以来,中国在经济领域取得了巨大成功,无论是农村改革、工业经济,还是银行业、公共财政,甚而在与全球经济的融合方面都取得了突出的成绩,获得了丰富的经验。本书作者各自选取了一些重要角度,尝试展现改革开放和经济社会发展的成功,提炼和分析相关经验和教训,识别和提出新的改革方向,并阐述中国经验对其他国家的借鉴意义,乃至中国经济成功经验对于经济学理论可能作出的贡献。

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