国家中心城市建设报告（2018）（英文版）图书
Annual Report of the Construction of National Central City (2018): The Mission and Commitment of National Central Cities
[内容简介] 本书是《国家中心城市建设报告（2018）》的英文版，首次对国家中心城市建设情况进行学术综述，研究确定了国家中心城市建设指数，并对国内九个国家中心城市进行综合评价和排序。书中重点研究、分析和阐述了北京、上海、天津、广州、重庆、成都、武汉、郑州、西安九城市国家中心城市建设的进展、特点及趋势；并深度研究诸如国家中心城市的功能要素、宏观管理指导及评价考核、资源节约和环境质量提升、空间布局和地下管网优化、互联互通综合交通网络构建、文脉保护与传承等现实问题。
《国家中心城市建设报告（2018）》编委会
Introduction of Major Editors
Preface
Abstract
General Report
B.1 China’s National Central City Construction: Overview and Development Momentum
I Concept, Functions and Missions of China’s National Central Cities
1 Concept of National Central City
2 Establishment and Distribution of National Central Cities
3 Functions and Positions of National Central Cities
4 Mission and Duty of National Central Cities in the New Era
(1) Full Practice of the New Development Concept
(2) Participation into Global Competition and Cooperation
(3) Support to China’s “Belt and Road” Initiative
(4) Taking the Lead in Becoming a Regional Growth Pole
(5) Steering the Integrated Development within Urban Clusters
(6) Demonstrating National Cultural Soft Power
II Progress and Achievements in China’s National Central City Construction
(I) Measures and Features of National Central City Construction
1 Reinforcing Foundation by Building Transport and Information Hub
2 Improving Overall Strength by Building the Modern High-end Industrial System
3 Nurturing Scientific and Technological Innovation Advantages by Concentrating High-end Factors and Resources
4 Realizing Spatial Pattern Optimization through Synergetic Regional Development
5 Making the Cities More Global through All-around Opening-up
6 Creativing Inclusive and Livable Environment by Improving the Urban Functions and Quality
(II) Main Achievements of National Central City Construction
1 Initial Formation and Rapid Extension of the “Central Position”
2 Fully Displaying the Comprehensive Functions to Serve the National Development
3 Stronger Drivers to Lead Coordinated Regional Development
4 Increasingly Remarkable Role of International Competition and Cooperation as a Window
5 Promoting the Accelerated Progress of National New Urbanization
6 Increasing People’s Satisfaction
III Vision and Policy Options on China’s National Central City Construction
(I) New Trends of National Central City Construction
1 China’s Main Social Conflict Changed
2 Urbanization Shifting into High-quality New Development Stage
3 The Role of The Central City in City Cluster
4 The Restraints on Urban Ecological Environment and Resources Become More Intense
5 The Human-oriented Urban Development
(II) Thoughts and Policy Options on Promoting National Central City Construction
1 National Central Cities Need to Turn The “Single” Layout into “Network System”
2 Winning the Initiative in Merging into the Global City Network
3 Reshaping the Image and Taste of National Central Cities with Cultural Soft Power
4 Strengthening the Cities’ Scientific and Technological Innovation Capability
5 Endeavoring to Enhance the Ecological Livability of Cities
6 Building a More Attractive International Business Environment
7 Formulating a Joint Meeting System Conducive to Cooperation and Exchanges
B.2 China’s National Central City Construction Index and Evaluation Ranking
Introduction
I Theoretical Studies on National Central Cities
1 Central Cities and the Gradation
(1) The Central City Means the Functional Position of a City in a Country or Region
(2) The Central City Plays Its Role Through Strong Agglomeration and Diffusion Effects
(3) The Central City Changed from a Single Economic Center to a Comprehensive One With Social and Economic Functions
(4) Hierarchy of Central Cities
2 Establishment of National Central Cities
3 Main Features of National Central Cities
(1) The National Central City Occupies the Highest Position in the Country’s Urban System and Plays the Role in Leading, Demonstrating, Radiating and Driving Urban Development
(2) The National Central Cities Are the Core Cities of the Important Urban Clusters in China
(3) National Central Cities both Domestic and International Functions
4 Strategic Significance of Establishing National Central Cities
(1) It is Conducive to Promoting High-quality Economic Development
(2) It is Conducive to Promoting Coordinated Regional Development in the New Era
(3) It is Conducive to the Construction of a New Pattern of All-round Opening up
(4) It is Conducive to Promoting Green Development and Ecological Conservation
II Core Functions of National Central Cities
1 Literature Review
(1) The Agglomeration and Diffusion Functions of Central Cities
(2) The Influence and Competitiveness of Central Cities
(3) The Comprehensive Function of Central Cities in Regional Economic and Social Development
2 Definition of Core Functions
III Comparison of Basic Economic Indexes for China’s National Central Cities
IV Index Evaluation System of China’s National Central City Construction
1 Overview of the Central City Evaluation System
2 Principles to Set the Indexes
(1) Scientificalness
(2) Objectivity
(3) Comparability
(4) Coordination
(5) Innovation
3 Three-layer Index Evaluation System
V Index Ranking for Evaluation of China’s National Central City Construction
(I) Index Evaluation Methods
1 Screening Specific Indicators
2 Data Source
3 Quantitative Method
(II) Index Ranking and Analysis
1 Comprehensive Index Score Ranking
2 Single Item Score Comparison of the Indexes for Six Functions
VI Several Suggestions to be Noted in National Central City Construction
1 Pay Attention to the Functional Building, Improve the Quality of the City, and Avoid Only Pursuing the Remking
2 Do a Good Job in the Top-level Design and Rational Layout to Reflect the Country’s Long-term Intentions and Avoid Competing for the “National” Title Only to Lead to Ineffective Distribution
3 Strictly Control Land Supply, Prevent Real Estate Speculation in the “National” Name, and Attach Importance to the Important Role and Historical Responsibility of Real Estate Enterprises in the Construction of National Central Cities
4 Develop the National Central City Construction Standards and Guidelines as Soon as Possible, Clarify the Main Responsibilities and Intensify the Assessment Mechanism
Construction Chapter
B.3 National Central City Construction of Beijing: Progress, Features and Vision
I Beijing’s Evolution since Reform and Opening-up
(I) Stage of Seeking Transformation: 1979—1996
(II) Stage of Accelerated Transformation: 1997—2007
(III) Stage of Optimization and Adjustment: 2008—2014
(IV) Stage of High-quality Development: since 2014
II Functional Positioning and Construction Effects of Beijing as a City
(I) Increased Capability to Guarantee Services as the National Political Center
1 It Firmly Establishes a General View and Always Maintain a High Degree of Consistency with the Party Central Committee in Ideological, Political and Operational Aspects
2 It Continues to Strengthen the Ability to Guarantee the Country’s Political Services
(II) Reinforced Position as the National Cultural Center
1 Beijing Actively Promote the Socialist Core Values
2 The Protection of the Historic and Cultural City Made Positive Progress
3 The Leading Position of Cultural and Creative Industries Further Strengthened
4 The Public Cultural Service System Continuously Improved
5 A number of Influential Cultural Brands Formed
(III) Strengthened Function as the International Exchanges Center
1 International Organizations and Elements Constantly Gathering
2 International Conferences and Exhibitions Numerous and Influential
3 International Exchanges and Cooperation Continued to Grow
(IV) Strengthened Radiative Role as the National Sci-tech Innovation Center
1 Beijing’s Science and Technology Resources Intensive and Innovation in Science and Technology Active
2 The Original Innovation Ability Further Enhanced
3 The Achievements of Scientific and Technological Innovation Lead the National Development
III Status-quo and Prominent Problems in Beijing’s Economic and Social Development
(I) Status-quo
1 The Economy Maintained Steady Development with a Slower Growth Trend in Recent Years
2 The Industrial Structure Optimized with Increasing Quality and Benefits for Development
3 Sci-tech Innovation Played a Stronger Role in the Capital’s Economic Development
4 Generally Strengthened Urban Construction and Management
5 The Public Services and Social Governance Capabilities Enhanced
(II) Prominent Problems
1 Over-fast Population Growth and Traffic Congestion
2 Prominent Conflict between Supply and Demand of Resources and Energy and Mounting Ecological Environment Pressure
3 The Gap between Urban Governance Level and the Practical Needs
4 Large Room for Improvement in Public Services and Social Governance
(III) Analysis of the Problem Causes
1 Urban Development Concepts to Be Innovated
2 The Unreasonable Urban Spatial Structure and Traffic Mix Restrained the City’s Carrying Capacity
3 The Industrial Structure and Development Model Remains to be Further Adjusted
4 The Unbalanced Development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Worsened Beijing’s Urban Diseases
IV Implications and Visions for Beijing’s Future Development
(I) Follow the Capital Urban Strategic Positioning and Accelerate Non-capital Function Removal
(II) Implement the General Urban Plan and Optimize the Urban Spatial Layout
(III) Continue with Innovative Development and Spearhead to Form an Innovation-drive Development Pattern
(IV) Enhance Urban Governance Capability and Accelerate Building of an International First-Class Livable City
V Strengthen Regional Cooperation and Promote Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Regional Development
B.4 Progress, Feature and Trend of Shanghai National Central City Construction
I Background of Shanghai National Central City
(I) 30 Years after the Founding of the People’s Republic of China
1 Development History
2 Features of Different Stages
(1) From Market Regulation to Planned Economy
(2) From Consumption City to Production City
(3) From Open International Metropolis to Introversive National Economic Center City
(II) 40 Years after The Reform and Opening-up
1 Development History
2 Features of Different Stages
(1) From Planned Economy to Socialist Market Economy
(2) From a Production City to a City Where Both Consumption and Production Are Equal
(3) From an Introversive National Economic Center City to A Socialist International Metropolis with Chinese Characteristics
(4) Shanghai’s Driving Effects on Surrounding Areas Began to Show
II Future of Shanghai as National Central City
(I) Internal and External Environment of The Future 30 Years
1 External Environment
2 Internal Environment
3 Challenges
(II) Development Trends and Prospects for the Next 30 Years
B.5 Progress, Feature and Trend of Tianjin National Central City Construction
I Review and Analysis of the Development History of Tianjin since the Reform and Opening up
(I) Development Stages of Tianjin since the Reform and Opening up
1 Factor-driven Development Stage: 1978 — 1991
2 Investment-driven Development Stage: 1992 — 2009
3 Innovation-driven Development Stage: 2010 to present
(II) Major changes of Tianjin since the Reform and Opening up
II Economic and Social Development of Tianjin
1 Economic Growth Rate Dropped Significantly, with Optimized Industrial Structure
2 Supply-side Structural Reforms Continue to Deepen
3 Results of Urban Planning, Construction and Management
III Basic Positioning, Progress and Main Achievements of the City
(I) Basic Positioning
(II) Specific Implementation and Progress
1 Implement the Strategy of Coordinated Development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
2 Gradually Accelerate the Industrial Transformation and Development
3 Accelerate the Implementation of the Strategy Driven by Opening up and Innovation
4 Actively Promote the Construction of New-type Urbanization
(III) Major achievements
1 Orderly Implementation of Coordinated Development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
2 Advancement of Industrial Transformation and Development
3 Achievements of Opening Up and Innovation Strategy
4 Accelerated Development of New-type Urbanization
IV Shortcomings of Tianjin National Central City Construction
V Suggestions
B.6 Achievements and Outlook of Guangzhou’s National Central City Construction
I Review of the Evolution of Guangzhou’s Urban Status and Strategy
(I) Positioning of Guangzhou from a National Perspective
(II) The Status of Guangzhou from a Global Perspective
(III) Strategy of Promoting the Construction of Guangzhou National Central City
II Achievement and Experience of Guangzhou National Central City Construction
(I) Major Achievement
1 High-quality Development of Economy
(1) Continuous Increase of Economic Aggregate
(2) Effective Industrial Structure Transformation and Upgrading
(3) Prosperous Development of the Commercial and Financial Industry
(4) Enhanced Industry Leadership Capacity
2 Enhanced Driving Force for Technology Innovation
3 Increasingly Perfect International Transportation Hub Network
4 The City Structure with Hub Network Basically Formed
5 Increased Openness of the City
(II) Main Experience
1 Enhance the Vitality of Urban Development with Open and Inclusive Culture
2 Improve Resource Allocation Efficiency with Continuous Institutional Innovation
3 Upgrade and Optimize Industrial Structure with Real Economy as the Core
4 Enhance Urban Space Carrying Capacity with Deeper Urbanization
III The Goals and Strategies of Guangzhou in the New Era to be a Leading Global City
(I) Operating and Controlling International Trade Resources to Build an International Trade Center
(II) Building a World-class Seaport and Airport and Grow into an International Shipping Center
(III) Shaping a New Image of International Exchanges to be an International Exchange Center
(IV) Targeting at the Top of the Global Innovation Chain to be an International Technology Industry Innovation Center
(V) Taking New Advantages of Combining Industry and Finance to Create an International Financial Center
(VI) Creating a New Glory of Guangzhou Culture to be a World Famous Cultural City
(VII) Improving the Living and Working Environment to Build a Beautiful Home in the World
B.7 Progress, Feature and Trend of Chongqing’s National Central City Construction
I Review and Analysis of Chongqing’s Development History since the Reform and Opening up
(I) From the Reform and Opening Up to the Municipality
(II) In the Past 21 Years after Becoming the Municipality
1 Consolidate the Foundation to Fill Up the Gap (1997-2001)
2 Create Platforms to Promote the Development (2002-2011)
3 New Normal Development Stage (2012-2017)
II Recent Situations of Economic and Social Development
(I) Industrial Development
(II) Urban Construction
(III) Infrastructure
III The Environment and Foundation of Constructing Chongqing into a National Central City
(I) Development Positioning
(II) Development Trend
(III) Existing Problems
Chongqing doesn’t have sufficient channels for opening up to the outside world
IV The Development Trend ＆ Outlook
(I) Development Idea
(II) Functional Support
V Countermeasures and Suggestions
(I) Building a New Urban Space as a National Central City
(II) Accelerating the Construction of Major Urban Infrastructure and Functional Facilities
(III) Enhancing the Ability of the City as a Foreign Exchange Center
(IV) Enhancing Urban Innovation Capability and Innovation System Construction
B.8 Practice in and Thinking on Constructing National Central City in Chengdu
I Advanced towards National Central City Construction
(I) Sub-provincial City Construction Period (1978-1991)
(II) Regional Central City Construction Period (1992-1999)
(III) Period of Strategic Highland Construction for Inland Opening-up Economy (2000-2014)
(IV) National Central City Development Period (2014 to now)
II Latest Economic and Social Development
III Advancement and Main Results of National Central City Construction
(I) Basic Positioning
(II) Advancement Implementation and Results
1 Economic Center Construction
2 Science and Technology Center Construction
(III) Cultural and Creative Center Construction
(IV) Foreign Relations Center Construction
(V) Integrated Transportation and Communications Hub Construction
(VI) Financial Center Construction
IV Main Issues in National Central City Construction
(I) Lower Per capita GRDP
(II) Lack local leading private enterprises
(III) Relatively Prominent Geographical Constraints
(IV) Huge Pressure of Urban Eco-environmental Protection
(V) Relatively Weak Foundation of Higher Education
V Countermeasures and Suggestions
(I) Improve Urban Development Positioning
(II) Focus on Cultivating Private Enterprises
(III) Build a Green Development Model
(IV) Speed Up Developing Science and Technology, and Higher Education
(V) Enhance Cultural Influence of the City
B.9 Report on Constructing National Central City in Wuhan
I Positioning and Foundation of Building Wuhan into a National Central City
(I) The Central Government’s Basic Positioning of Wuhan on National Central City Construction
(II) Realistic Opportunities for Wuhan’s National Central City Construction
(III) Wuhan’s Foundation and Advantages for National Central City Construction
1 Prominent Position as a Transportation Hub
2 Outstanding Independent Innovation Demonstration Function
3 Real Economy Playing the Leading Role
4 Highlight Driving and Leading Role of Wuhan in “Two-oriented” Society Construction
5 Continuously Improve Service Function for Opening Up
III Wuhan’s Progress in National Central City Construction
(I) Actively Promote the Construction of National Innovation Center and Gradually Improve the Innovation Leading Function
(II) Actively Promote the Construction of National Advanced Manufacturing Center and Gradually Improve the Industrial Driving Role
(III) Actively Advance National Trade and Logistics Center Construction and Gradually Improve the Comprehensive Service Function
(IV) Actively Push forward National Integrated Transportation Hub Construction and Gradually Improve the Development Driving Function
(V) Actively Boost Constructing Wuhan into an Ecological, Livable, Civilized and Happy City and Gradually Improve the Living Standards of Urban and Rural Residents
IV Existing Issues of and Thinking on Wuhan’s National Central City Construction
(I) Lack of Comprehensive Strength and Relatively Smaller Economic Scale
(II) Lower Level of Industrial Structure and Scientific and Technological Advantages not Fully Exploited
(III) Obviously Lower Income of Residents and Long-term Stagnation of Ranking
(IV) Less Notable Results of Reform and Innovation and Demonstration and Leading Effects
(V) Less Prominent Regional Central Position and Limited Leading and Driving Capacity
(VI) Low Regional Economic Development Level and Obviously Weak Overall Strength
V Measures and Suggestions
(I) Establish Internationally Competitive Innovation and Entrepreneurship Platforms to Foster Wuhan into a New Engine for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
(II) Construct Advanced Manufacturing Centers Seizing High-end International Industrial Chains to Build a New Support for Wuhan’s Industrial Transformation and Upgrading
(III) Build a National Trade and Logistics Center with Stronger Exchange Functions to Reshape the Pioneering Advantages as a Key Trade City
(IV) Establish a National Integrated Transportation Gateway to the World, Build Wuhan into an Upgraded Integrated Transportation Hub
(V) Building Wuhan into an Ecological, Livable, Civilized and Happy City and Finally into an International Livable, Business-friendly, Tourist-friendly and Trade-friendly Metropolis
B.10 Overview and Prospect of National Central City Construction of Zhengzhou
I Positioning and Objectives of Zhengzhou as a National Central City
(I) Realistic Foundation for Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
(II) Basic Positioning of Zhengzhou as a National Central City
(III) Objectives of Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
II Strategic Measures for and Progress in Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
(I) Major Strategic Measures for Speeding Up Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
1 Keep Consolidating the Foundation for a National Central City
2 Keep Accelerating the Shift of Driving Forces for Development
3 Strive to Build an Inland Highland for Opening Up
4 Focus on Promoting the Internationalization Level
5 Inherit the Culture and Build the City Brand
(II) Major Progress and Main Results of Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
1 City Size and Benefits Keeps Scaling Up
2 The Capacity for Innovation and Development Continuously Enhanced
3 Open Economy Realized Leapfrog Development
4 City Life Become Increasingly Better
5 The Capability for Driving Development Markedly Strengthened
(III) Main Weakness and Bottlenecks in Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
1 Comprehensive Competitiveness Remains Relatively Weak
2 Urban Competitiveness Remains Extremely Weak
3 Risks and Challenges Faced in Comparative Dominance
III Future Outlook and Suggestions for Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
(I) Comparison with Other National Central Cities
1 Comparison in Comprehensive Economic Strength
2 Comparison in Development Driving Capacity
3 Comparison in Capacity for Scientific and Technological Innovation
4 Comparison in the Level of Openness and Development
(II) Measures and Suggestions for Zhengzhou’s National Central City Construction
1 Improve the Comprehensive Economic Competitiveness
2 Enlarge Regional Transportation Advantage
3 Enhance Innovation-driven Development Capacity
4 Comprehensively Improve the Level of Openness and Development
5 Expand Urban Development Space
B.11 Progress, Features and Trend of National Central City Construction of Xi’an
I Historical Review of Urban Economic Development of Xi’an since the Reform and Opening Up
(I) Stage 1 (1978-1991) : With Rural Reform as the Starting Point, Xi’an Launched Its Urban Economic Development in an All-round Way
(II) Stage 2 (1992-2000) : Inland Opening-up Urban Construction Started and Xi’an Speeded Up the Opening Up
(III) Stage 3 (2001-2007) : Thanks to the Economic Development Strength, the Social Security System in Xi’an was Continuously Improved
(IV) Stage 4 (2008-2013) : Guided by the Scientific Outlook on Development, Xi’an’s International Metropolis Construction Was in Full Swing
(V) Stage 5 (2014 to now) : Xi’an Responded to the “Belt and Road” Strategy and Planned to Build into a National Central City
II Foundation and Advancement of National Central City Construction of Xi’an
(I) Background and Requirements of National Central City Construction of Xi’an
1 Background
2 Requirements
(II) Current Characteristics of the Economic and Social Development of Xi’an
1 Main Economic Indicators Continue to Hit Record Highs
2 Xi’an is Gathering New Drives for Economic Restructuring
3 New Household Registration Policy Produced Preliminary Results in Talent Attraction
4 The New Image of Charming Ancient Capital Begins to Show
5 The Pace of International Metropolis Construction Firm and Strong
(III) Progress in National Central City Construction of Xi’an
III Existing Constraints and Issues in National Central City Construction of Xi’an
(I) Xi’an Lacks Basic Supporting Elements for Economic Development
(II) Open Economy Development Remains Slow
(III) Breakthroughs Urgently Needed in System and Mechanism Reform and Innovation
(IV) The Financial Sector Lacks Ample Supports for Development
IV Measures and Suggestions for the National Central City Construction of Xi’an
1 Timely Adjust Administrative Divisions and Accelerate the Integration of Xi’an and Xianyang
2 Implement All-round Opening Up and Build a Platform Cluster Opening to The West
3 Implement the “Introducing in and Going Global” Strategy and Build an Economic Highland in the West
4 Take Advantage of Education and Tourism to Build a Cultural Exchange Base
Cases Study Chapter
B.12 Practice in and Thinking on Building a Sub-center of Beijing
I Background and Strategic Significance of Building Beijing’s Sub-center
(I) Planning and Building Beijing’s Sub-center is a Strategic Choice for Orderly Removing Non-capital Functions
(II) Planning and Building Beijing’s Sub-center is an Important Move to Adjust and Optimize the Capital’s Spatial Pattern
(III) Planning and Building Beijing’s Sub-center Can Help Build a Demonstration Area for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development and Boost the Building of a world-class City Cluster with the Capital as the Core
II Basic Situation and Construction Results of Beijing’s Sub-center
(I) A Perfect Sub-center Planning System Basically Completed
(II) The Construction of Three Functional Areas for Public Administration, Business Service and Cultural Tourism is Gaining Speed
(III) Remarkable Achievements Made in Removing the General Manufacturing Industry and Non-capital Functions
(IV) The Construction of Infrastructure and Public Service Facilities is in Full Swing
(V) Sub-center and Surrounding Regional Eco-environment Improvement is Being Intensified
III Thinking and Suggestions on Further Accelerating Beijing’s Sub-center Construction
(I) Clarify the Industrial Development Direction and Build High-end, Precision and Sophisticated Industries Matching the Sub-center Functions
(II) Bring into Play the Role of Market Mechanisms and Deepen the Coordinated and Interconnected Development between the Sub-center and Surrounding Areas
(III) Optimize the Environment for International Businesses and Provide a Top-class Foundation Support for Sub-center Construction and Development
(IV) Deepen the Reform and Policy Innovation and Provide Sustainable Dynamic Supports for Sub-center Construction and Development
B.13 Initiatives and Progress of Chongqing in Building Litself into A Hub in Western Regions and the Yangtze River Economic Belt
I National Important Modern Manufacturing Base Has Been Basically Built
(I) Overall Thinking
(II) Main Initiatives
II The Construction as a Domestic Important Functional Financial Center Has Been Preliminarily Completed
(I) Overall Thinking
(II) Main Initiatives
III The Construction as a Western Innovation Center Is in Full Swing
(I) Overall Thinking
(II) Main Initiatives
IV An Inland Opening-up Highland Has Been Basically Built.
(I) Overall Thinking
(II) Main Initiatives
B.14 Practice and Exploration to Turn Chengdu into a New Highland of Inland Opening-up
I Background and Significance of Chengdu’s Development as a New High Land of Inland Opening-up
(I) Background
(II) Significance
II Opportunities and Challenges Facing Chengdu in Its Bid to Become a Highland of Inland Opening-up
(I) New Opportunities
(II) New Challenges
III Methods and Goals of Chengdu’s Development as a New Highland of Inland Opening-up
(I) Development Methods
(II) General Goals
IV Measures and Path to Develop Chengdu as a New Highland of Inland Opening-up
(I) Integrate into the “Three Major Initiatives” and Establish a New Structure of Opening-up
(II) Make “Four Major Breakthroughs” and Try to Establish New Supports for Opening-up
(III) Improve “Three Major Hubs” and Develop the New Channels of Interconnection and Intercommunication
(IV) Deepen “Three Major Partnerships” and Expand the Room for Opening and Cooperation
(V) Optimize “Three Major Environments” to Fully Enhance Competitiveness in Opening-up
B.15 Features and Comprehensive Effects of the Construction of Wuhan Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
I Features of Construction of Wuhan Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(I) High-quality and High-speed Economic Development and High Driving Capacity of Innovation Economy
(II) Improving Policy Assurance and Initial Establishment of a Talent Base
(III) Rapid Expansion and Highly Concerted Urban Construction and Regional Development
II Comprehensive Effects of the Construction of Wuhan Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(I) Economic Concentration Effects of the Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(II) Employment Promotion Effects of the Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(III) Industrial Restructuring Effects of the Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(IV) Urbanization Guidance Effects of the Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
III Proposed Measures for Construction of the Optics Valley Scientific Innovation Center
(I) Improve the Mechanism of Employment Guide and Talent Attraction
(II) Facilitate Urban Construction and Industrial Transformation Planning
(III) Facilitate Infrastructure and Public Administration Construction
(IV) Strengthen the Status of Transportation Hub and Scientific Education Base
B.16 Building Xi’an into an Innovation Demonstration Zone of Deep Integration of Military and Civilian
I Importance and Typical Significance of a Military-civilian Demonstration Zone
(I) Importance
(II) Typical Significance
II Basic Conditions and Main Effects
(I) Basic Conditions
1 Central Geographic Location and Significant Regional Advantages
2 Extensive Industrial Spectrum and Significant General Advantages
3 Outstanding Status in Aeronautics and Astronautics and Significant Strength in Scientific Research
(II) Main Achievements
1 Significant Innovation Achievements in Military-civilian Integration
2 Fast-growing Innovation-driven Military-civilian Integration Enterprises
3 Reasonable structure and Highlighted Advantages of Military-civilian Integration Industries
4 Rapid Increase in the Number of “Private Enterprises Engaged in Military Industry”
III Main Methods and Experiences
(I) Main Methods
1 Support National Strategy and Highlight Policy Supports
2 Rely on the National Support Platform to Facilitate the Establishment of Xi’an Mode
3 Have Aeronautics and Astronautics as the Focus and Promote the Rapid Development of 6 Major Military-civilian Integration Industries
4 Fast-growing Innovation-driven Military-civilian Integration Enterprises and Significant Achievements of Specialized Parks
(II) Experiences
IV Thoughts and Prospects
(I) Top-level Design and Industrialization of Xi’an Demonstration Zone of Military-civilian Integration
(II) High-quality Development through Park Concentration and Project
(III) Development of Main Bodies of Military-civilian Integration
(IV) Great Support to Collaborative Innovation of Military-civilian Integration Industries
(V) Promotion of the Interaction and Sharing of Military-civilian Integration Scientific and Technological Resources
(VI) Support to the Establishment of a Military-civilian Integration Industrial Alliance
(VII) Accelerated Implementation of Internationalization Strategy of Military-civilian Integration
B.17 Formation, Effect and Impact of “Zhengzhou Model” in Cross-border E-commerce
I Evolution and Status-quo of Cross-border E-commerce in Zhengzhou
(I) Small-scale Development Phase (1997-2011)
(II) Phase of Pilot Cities for Cross-border E-commerce Services (2012-2015)
(III) Integrated Pilot Zone Phase (2016 until now)
II Outstanding Achievements of Zhengzhou in the Development of Cross-border E-commerce
(I) Good Development Trend of Cross-border E-commerce
1 Significant Achievements of Zhengzhou in the Development of Cross-border Comprehensive Pilot Zone
2 Booming Development of Cross-border E-commerce Enterprises
3 Advantages in the Development of Cross-border E-commerce are Forming
(II) Rapid Development of Cross-border E-commerce Platform
1 Introduction of a Series of Domestic and Foreign E-commerce Platforms
2 Rapid Development of Local E-commerce Platform
3 Continuous Improvement of Cross-border E-commerce Development Carrier
(III) Cross-border E-commerce Concentration Effects
1 Zhengzhou E-trade Pilot Program is Leading Nationwide
2 A Co-existent Industrial Chain and Ecological Chain in Place
3 Concentration and Driving Effects
III Important Innovations in the “Zhengzhou Mode” of cross-border E-commerce
(I) Innovative Customs Clearance and Supervision Mode “1210”
(II) Establish Standards for Integration of Online and Offline Cross-border Retailing Services
(III) Create a Comprehensive Service Platform
(IV) Promote the Development of 2017 Version of “One-stop Service” for International Trade
IV Future Prospect and Proposal on Zhengzhou’s Cross-border E-commerce
(I) Global Cross-border E-commerce Development Trend
(II) Future Development Prospect of Cross-border E-commerce in Zhengzhou
(III) Some Proposals on the Development of Cross-border E-commerce in Zhengzhou
Exploration Chapter
B.18 Approach to Space Optimization of Megacity
I Historic Summary of Spatial Compactness of a City
(I) Conventional City Configuration in the Middle Ages
(II) Haussmann (Paris) Space
(III) The Radiant City of Le Corbusier
(IV) The Vertical City of Ludwig
(V) City Complex
(VI) Main Factors that Influence Compactness
1 Old Town Revolution
2 Uncontrolled Development of Industrial Parks and Zones
3 Prevalence of Administrative Centers and Big Squares
4 Excessive Network of Motorways
II Diversity of a City
(I) Diversity of Street and Road Network
(II) Diversity of City and Nature Combos
(III) Diversity of Citizen Make Up
(IV) Industrial Diversity and Recyclability
(V) Main Reasons for Waning Diversity of a City
III Five Elements for City Space Renovation
(I) Road
(II) Boundary
(III) Region
(IV) Node
(V) Landmark
B.19 Research on Establishment Standards and Functional Elements of National Central City
I Significance of Developing National Central Cities
(I) National Central City is the Important National Sources of Economic Growth
(II) National Central City is an Important Gateway to Enhancing National Competitiveness
(III) National Central City is the Facilitator of the Harmonious Development of Urban and Rural Regions
(IV) National Central City Plays a Significant Role in Resource Allocation Nationwide
II Analysis of Establishment Standards of a National Central City
(I) Academic and Governmental Definition of National Central City
(II) Differences between a National Central City and a Regional Central City
1 Different Levels of Functionality
2 Different Types of Functionality
(III) Establishment Standards for a National Central City
III Analysis of Functional Elements of a National Central City
(I) Academic and Relevant Other Analysis of the Functional Elements of a National Central City
(II) Thoughts and Views on Functional Elements of a National Central City
1 High-end Element Gathering
2 Guiding and Driving Force
3 Transportation and Information Hub
4 Scientific and Technological Innovation
5 Opening-up
6 Administrative Services
7 Ecological Livability
B.20 Construction of National Central City and Regional Coordinated Development
I National Central City and Regional Economic Development
(I) Significant Role of a National Central City
(II) Practice in the Development of National Central Cities
(III) Take a Driving Role on the Basis of City Cluster
II Facilitate the Construction of Central City and Promote Harmonious Regional Development
III Conclusions and Proposals
B.21 Research on Solutions and Strategies in the Control and Alleviation of Traffic Jams in National Central Cities
I Negative Impacts of Traffic Jam on A City’s Development
(I) Social and Economic Loss
(II) Energy Waste and Environment Pollution
(III) Physical and Psychological Health Damage
II Status-quo of Traffic Accessibility and Traffic Jam in Nine Major Cities
(I) Traffic Accessibility
1 Public Transportation Network
2 Traffic Route Density
(II) Level of Traffic Jam
III Existing Solutions to Urban Traffic Congestion and Deficiencies
(I) Solutions to Urban Traffic Congestions at Abroad
(II) Solutions to Traffic Congestions at Home and Effects
IV Alleviation: Ideas and Tactics to Solve Traffic Jam in Nine Major Cities
(I) Have “Control” as the Support and Backup to Provide Adequate Time and Space for “Alleviation”
(II) Have “Alleviation” as the Focus to Fundamentally Address Traffic Jam on the Basis of “Control”
1 Emphasize Scientific Management Concepts and Methods
2 Increase the Competitiveness of Public Transport and Establish an Integrated Urban Transportation Network
3 Scientific Planning of Urban Sprawl and Synchronous Distribution of Urban Functions of the Downtown
4 Establish a Smart Traffic System for Information Symmetry and Real-time Monitoring
B.22 International Experience of Smart City Construction of National Central City and Experience Reference
I Connotation and Feature of Smart City Construction
II Development Overview and Effect of International Metropolis Construction
III Main Practices and Experience of International Smart City Construction
(I) Openness and Sharing of Government Data Resource
1 London Government Datastore
2 New York NYC Platform
3 Paris Data Sharing Platform— data.gouv.fr
(II) Smart Economy
1 Strengthen the Cooperation and Support the Innovation
2 Financial Ecological Environment Supports Entrepreneurship
(III) Smart Management
(IV) Smart Environment
(V) Smart Transport
(VI) Smart People
(VII) Smart People’s Livelihood
IV Reference and Inspiration of International Smart City Experience for China’s Central City Construction
(I) Data Openness and Integration
(II) Development of Smart Economy
(III) Enhancement of Smart Management
(IV) Creation of Smart Environment
(V) Support for Smart Transport
(VI) Cultivation of Smart People
(VII) Achievement of Smart People’s Livelihood
B.23 Strategic Considerations, Unique Advantages and Main Tasks of National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
I Strategic Considerations for National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
II Unique Advantages and Constraints for National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
(I) Unique Advantages for National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
1 Integrated Transport Advantage
2 Inland Openness Advantage
3 Superimposed Advantage of National Strategy
4 Catching up ＆ Surpassing Advantage
(II) Constraints for National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
III Main Tasks for National Central City Construction in Zhengzhou
(I) Forge the Transport and Logistics Hub and Build New Competition Advantages
(II) Reinforce the Industrial Base and Construct the New National Growth Center
(III) Highlight the Reform and Innovation and Construct the City of Vitality
(IV) Deepen the Opening to the Outside World and Construct the Inland Open Economy Highland
(V) Manifest the Cultural Characteristics and Construct the International Modern City
(VI) Optimize the Spatial Pattern and Construct the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area
序
主要作者简介
作者简介
Editorial Commission for Annual Report of The Construction of National Central City (2018)
中文摘要
皮书数据库阅读使用指南
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