篇章数

9

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0 !

参考文献

147

以色列阿拉伯人图书

Arab Citizens of Israel: Legal Status, Identity and Their Relations with the State 1948-2018

SSAPID:101-3219-6508-87
ISBN:978-7-5201-2617-5
DOI:
ISSN:

[内容简介] 本书从政治参与、经济发展、文化教育、身份认同和社会变革等方面展示阿拉伯少数民族在以色列建国近七十年来的生存状况,并通过对以色列政府、执政党及犹太主体民族对境内阿拉伯少数民族的政策和态度进行分析,揭示以色列作为一个现代的民主国家如何在国家安全、国家的民主性与国家的犹太性之间找到合适的平衡点,避免严重冲突和人道主义危机、避免引起国际社会干预、维护以色列社会安定以及取得经济、社会的可持续发展。

相关信息

丛书名:21世纪中国民族问题丛书
作 者: 王宇
编 辑:杨阳
出版社:社会科学文献出版社
出版时间: 2018年10月
语 种:汉文
中图分类:C95 民族学

 前言

 序言

 致谢

 第一章 以色列阿拉伯人的形成

  第一节 犹太复国主义运动对巴勒斯坦地阿拉伯人的态度

  第二节 以色列国的建立

  第三节 以色列境内阿拉伯公民的产生

  第四节 以色列境内阿拉伯人口的基本情况

 第二章 以色列阿拉伯人的公民地位及自我认同演变过程

  第一节 以色列对境内阿拉伯少数民族的军事管制及其取消

  第二节 从法律层面看以色列阿拉伯公民的地位

   一 基本法规定的平等原则及犹太民族享有的“积极歧视”

   二 一些被赋予部分国家职能的犹太组织

    1.世界犹太复国主义组织(World Zionist Organization)

    2.犹太代办处(Jewish Agency)

    3.犹太民族基金会(Jewish National Fund)

   三 具有隐蔽性歧视的法律将绝大多数阿拉伯人排除在一些权利和优待之外

  第三节 以色列阿拉伯人自我身份认同的演变

   四 20世纪八九十年代的身份认同

   五 巴以和平协议签署之后以色列阿拉伯人身份认同方面的发展及分化

 第三章 以色列阿拉伯人的政治参与

  第一节 以色列国会中的阿拉伯议员和阿拉伯政治党派

   一 隶属于犹太政党的阿拉伯附属党的兴衰

   二 为阿拉伯人请命的以色列共产党

   三 活跃的独立阿拉伯政党

   四 犹太复国主义政党与其阿拉伯议员

  第二节 国会以外的阿拉伯政治组织及政治活动

   一 “土地运动”

   二 “乡村之子”

   三 “伊斯兰运动”

  第三节 以色列阿拉伯人政治参与的趋向

   一 2015年国会选举——阿拉伯政党的大一统?

   二 阿拉伯公民参政受到以色列国犹太及民主两个基本性质之间角力的影响

 第四章 以色列阿拉伯人的经济状况

  第一节 军事管制下阿拉伯人的经济概况(1948~1967年)

   一 以色列阿拉伯经济的转型时代(1948~1967年)

   二 以色列阿拉伯人口的初步雇佣工人化

  第二节 1967年之后以色列阿拉伯经济发展的概况

   一 农业发展

   二 以色列阿拉伯人在工作市场中地位的变化

   三 第三产业的发展及阿拉伯中产阶级的出现

  第三节 阿拉伯经济发展中存在的问题和改善措施

   一 阿拉伯经济对犹太经济的依附性大

   二 阿拉伯地区工业化水平低

  第四节 21世纪阿拉伯经济发展的机遇与挑战

   一 国内及国际形势促使以色列国家对阿经济政策进一步改善

   二 以色列政府促进阿拉伯社团经济和教育发展的举措

   三 阿拉伯人融入以色列的高科技工作市场

   总结

 第五章 以色列阿拉伯人的基础教育情况

  第一节 以色列建国初期(1948~1967年)阿拉伯教育概况

   一 阿拉伯学校教学目标的缺乏和教学内容的设置

   二 以色列建国初期阿拉伯教育成果和存在问题

    1.《义务教育法》并未得到完全贯彻

    2.阿拉伯教育缺乏有效管理结构

    3.师资力量薄弱、教育水平低

    4.以色列国家机器(如军事管制当局、国内安全总局沙巴克等)对教育的干涉

    5.当局对犹太复国主义及以色列国家的“兜售”用力过猛

  第二节 1967年以后的阿拉伯教育:一体化和缩小差距的尝试

   一 学制改革使得义务教育覆盖范围加大

    1.阿拉伯教育融入普通教育体系的过程

    2.阿拉伯教育目标逐渐明确

   二 以色列阿拉伯教育的分裂:德鲁兹人和切尔克斯人教育的独立

   三 争取教育平等成为阿拉伯社团的重中之重

  第三节 20世纪90年代以后的阿拉伯教育:自治还是受制?

   一 阿拉伯教育自治的可能性

   二 以色列阿拉伯教育仍然面临的问题及政府的应对

    1.阿拉伯学校受到预算方面的歧视,师资、资金、校舍等基础设施明显缺乏

    2.师资水平不高,教学质量差,辍学率高

    3.以色列政府加大对阿拉伯教育的投入

   三 “非正式承认”:阿拉伯私立教育在以色列所面对的危机

   总结

 第六章 以色列阿拉伯人与高等教育

  第一节 以色列阿拉伯人的高等教育基本发展情况

  第二节 作为“少数民族代表”的以色列阿拉伯大学生及其就业困境

   一 以色列阿拉伯大学生的政治活动

   二 以色列阿拉伯大学生的就业问题

  第三节 阿拉伯学生高等教育面临的问题及政府改善措施

   一 阿拉伯学生在以色列高等教育中的常见问题

    1.中学教育的不足使得阿拉伯大学生跟犹太同学不是站在同一起跑线上

    2.语言障碍

    3.一年级辍学率较高

    4.学习科目相对集中

   二 以色列高等教育委员会(CHE)推出的“六年计划”

    1.高中阶段

    2.预科

    3.提高阿拉伯学生在大学第一年的成功率

    4.就业及毕业后跟踪服务

    5.补贴情况

   三 其他促进以色列阿拉伯人高等教育改善的措施

  第四节 以色列阿拉伯人高等教育的国际化和“约旦化”

   总结

 第七章 阿拉伯少数民族与国家的主要矛盾

  第一节 土地:阿拉伯少数民族与以色列国家的矛盾焦点

   一 以色列当局剥夺阿拉伯土地的法律依据

   二 从直接剥夺到巧立名目——犹太化加利利犹太化加利利地区运动和国家引水工程

   三 1966年以后政府对阿拉伯土地的征用政策

   四 1976年土地日事件的爆发及影响

   五 贝都因人的土地问题

   总结

  第二节 国家与阿拉伯社团在非法建筑方面的矛盾与斗争

   一 造成阿拉伯人住房短缺的经济和社会原因

   二 “犹太国家”和“犹太社区”加剧阿拉伯社团的住房危机

   三 《规划和建设法》和阿拉伯地区规划中存在的问题

    1.以色列的土地使用规划(Zoning Plan)

    2.当局对阿拉伯人口迁移和城市化的展望及失望

    3.阿拉伯地方规划的滞后及其原因

   四 政府改善阿拉伯住房情况的措施及其失败原因

   五 “非法建筑”问题导致的阿拉伯社团与政府的冲突

   六 新时期以色列政府面临的新问题:对犹太人和阿拉伯人的非法建筑一视同仁?

   总结

 第八章 以色列的相关政策对阿拉伯社会发展的影响

  第一节 以色列阿拉伯人口发展情况及以色列的“对策”

   一 阿拉伯社团健康水平的提高

   二 以色列政府应对阿拉伯人口高速增长的对策

  第二节 以色列阿拉伯妇女状况及以色列相关政策的影响

   一 背景——以色列整体的妇女地位和参政情况

   二 以色列阿拉伯妇女的教育、经济及参政情况

  第三节 个体族群的各自发展与以色列分而治之的民族政策

   一 最具优势地位的少数民族——德鲁兹社团的发展情况

   1.德鲁兹社团与犹太国家形成特殊关系的缘由

   2.独立德鲁兹民族的建设

   3.德鲁兹社团面临的困境及将来

   二 “精英”少数民族社团——以色列阿拉伯基督徒的发展情况

   1.阿拉伯基督徒在以色列的政治影响力

   以色列阿拉伯基督徒社团面临的困境及应对

   总结

 第九章 公民义务及以色列国内的阿犹关系

  第一节 阿拉伯公民与义务兵役制

   一 将兵役与国家资源分配挂钩的法律法规

   二 阿拉伯志愿兵的入伍动机

   三 以军中阿拉伯士兵的服役和升迁情况

   四 以色列政府及阿拉伯社团内部对阿拉伯士兵的态度

   五 关于以色列阿拉伯公民义务的前景展望

  第二节 以色列犹太主体民族对阿拉伯人的态度及阿犹关系

   一 对历史、对现状和对未来的不同看法对阿犹关系有消极影响

   二 以色列新历史学家及去除意识形态影响的历史叙述对阿犹关系的潜在影响

   总结

 结语:对未来不那么乐观的展望

 索引

以色列国家档案馆 State Archives

以色列工党档案馆 Labor Party Archives

Central Bureau of Statistics,

Government of Israel,

Israel Knesset Website, https://www.knesset.gov.il/.

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Israel Water Authority Website, http://www.water.gov.il/hebrew/Pages/home.aspx.

Nefesh B'Nefesh(以色列移民帮助中心), http://www.nbn.org.il/.

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