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中国社会研究 第2辑图书

Social Studies in China Vol.2

SSAPID:101-1277-8596-72
ISBN:978-7-5201-3266-4
DOI:
ISSN:

[内容简介] 工业革命以来,技术成为推动社会变迁最强大的力量,被埃吕尔称为“技术化社会”的现实已然出现。本书从技术应用视角出发对技术与社会关系进行探讨,分为4编:第一编集中探讨对技术的社会理解;第二编关注技术应用的常见场景、技术在工作中的应用与工作特征的变化;第三编集中探讨沟通技术的应用与生活变迁的关系;第四编则从宏观视角讨论技术应用与社会变迁的关系,兼及对人工智能的讨论。

相关信息

丛书名:
作 者: 邱泽奇
编 辑:杨桂凤;张真真
出版社:社会科学文献出版社
出版时间: 2018年11月
语 种:汉文
中图分类:C91 社会学

 前言

 第一编 理解技术

  理解技术的维度

   一 自然主义的技术观

   二 建构主义的技术观

   三 批判主义的技术观

   四 小结

  技术与社会的两种理论及其反思

   一 技术决定论

   二 技术建构论

    1.技术的社会建构方法

    2.技术系统方法

    3.行动者-网络框架

    4.小结

   三 总结与反思

  打开变迁黑箱

   一 研究背景:技术研究的三种理论取向

   二 问题的提出:不同理论取向能否弥合?

   三 强度比较的视角

    (一)技术影响更强,或强化

    (二)社会影响更强,或强化

    (三)两者互动反馈,趋于均衡

   四 机制差异的视角

    (一)技术决定论:自主性技术

    (二)社会建构论:社会选择机制

    (三)技术与社会互动

   五 打开技术黑箱:技术过程与社会时间

 第二编 技术与工作

  社会如何应对工作变迁?

   一 研究背景:技术演化与工作变迁

   二 问题提出:个体技能与社会延续

   三 对“能力摧毁型”技术应用的社会反应

    (一)市场机会

    (二)社会支持

    (三)教育制度

   四 对“能力增强型”技术应用的社会反应

    (一)市场机会

    (二)社会支持

    (三)教育制度

   五 结论与展望

  工作到底怎么了?

   一 研究背景

   二 不同技术时期技术、工作、知识的互动

    (一)手工业时代:分离的、个体的知识

     1.古典时代:思想与技能的鸿沟

     2.知识观的实用性转变

    (二)工业革命之后:知识进入组织

     1.大机器生产时代

     2.自动化时代

    (三)信息技术时代:知识回到个体

    (四)小结

   三 自主性与工作

   四 总结

  重新定义工作:论技术应用与工作变迁的关系

   一 技术应用影响工作变迁的两种作用机制

    (一)效率机制

    (二)控制机制

    (三)效率机制和控制机制对工作活动的作用后果

   二 不平衡视角下效率机制的作用后果

   三 平衡视角下效率机制的作用后果

   四 不平衡视角下控制机制的作用后果

   五 平衡视角下控制机制的作用后果

   六 小结

 第三编 微观议题:沟通、情感与隐私

  沟通革命中的规则重构

   一 研究背景与文献综述:沟通技术与社会生活

   二 研究问题和基本立场:基于能力、规则的沟通

   三 公共生活及其沟通技术

    (一)传统中国社会的“双轨政治”

    (二)现代民主与信息政体

    (三)信息结构与沟通规则的变迁

   四 私人生活及其沟通技术

    (一)差序格局下的“私人”沟通

    (二)现代社会与网络社交

    (三)沟通规则与关系结构的转变

   五 总结:嵌入情境规则体系的“技术-社会变迁”

  信息沟通技术发展背景下的孤独

   一 问题

   二 讨论孤独的两种视角

    (一)情感视角

    (二)结构视角

    (三)对两种视角的比较与总结

   三 信息技术改变了什么:结构视角下的一个概念框架

   四 总结

  技术对信息隐私的影响机制

   一 “隐私”的含义辨析

    (一)隐私作为“独处权”

    (二)隐私与“私人领域”

    (三)隐私与自身信息控制

    (四)隐私与信息技术

   二 隐私的意义:隐私与自主性

    (一)隐私、数据与个体识别

    (二)隐私与个人社会角色自主性

   三 对象的界定:从“隐私”到“信息隐私”

   四 技术与信息隐私的关系

    (一)隐私变迁的逻辑

     1.信息之所以构成隐私的先决条件

     2.隐私之所以构成问题的先决条件

     3.隐私出现问题的先决条件

    (二)技术影响信息隐私的机制

     1.技术-个人信息-隐私

     2.技术-私人领域/私人行为-隐私

     3.技术-社会关系-隐私

     4.技术-信息提取-隐私

     5.技术-信息处理-隐私

     6.技术-信息接触-隐私

    (三)小结

 第四编 宏观议题:技术应用与社会

  技术应用如何带来改变?

   一 技术影响的机制及“生产率悖论”

   二 “生产率悖论”的三种解释

    (一)滞后效应

    (二)经验错误

    (三)统计测算

   三 互补性资产与技术应用情境

   四 对“生产率悖论”的补充解释

  ICT应用与社会不平等的重塑:现象与机制

   一 导言

   二 ICT改变了信息环境

    (一)信息分布状态:向平衡态发展

    (二)信息流动模式:向网络化发展

   三 信息环境的改变触发了机会获得的差异

   四 ICT导致的差异机制:机会、使用能力和既有条件

    (一)接入机会差异

    (二)互联网使用差异

     1.对ICT技术的使用技能差异导致结果差异

     2.意愿、动机、目的和信息寻求模式的差异导致结果差异

    (三)既有条件差异

   五 总结与反思

  机器类人化:前提、逻辑和后果

   一 机器类人化的前提:生命是一种信息系统

   二 机器类人化:效率逻辑与情感逻辑

    (一)效率逻辑

    (二)情感逻辑

   三 机器类人化的可能后果

    (一)理性化背景下可能“消失的”生产关系

    (二)家庭关系中的伦理困境

     1.如何看待机器人

     2.基于人类再生产的家庭结构

   四 结论与讨论

工业革命以来,技术成为推动社会变迁最强大的力量,被埃吕尔称为“技术化社会”的现实已然出现。对技术与社会关系的探讨,既有的研究更多地关注技术创新与技术扩散,却极少关注技术应用。技术应用是技术进入大众应用时代才出现的社会现象,已然成为影响社会变迁的重要力量。本辑从技术应用视角出发对技术与社会关系进行探讨,分为4编:第一编集中探讨对技术的社会理解;第二编关注技术应用的常见场景、技术在工作中的应用与工作特征的变化;第三编集中探讨沟通技术的应用与生活变迁的关系;第四编则从宏观视角讨论技术应用与社会变迁的关系,兼及对人工智能的讨论。

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